Neotherapsida

Neotherapsida; Temporal range: Middle Permian–Holocene, 270–0 Ma (range includes mammals) PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N Non-mammalian synapsids died out 17.5 million years ago
	Oligokyphus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Clade:	Therapsida
Clade:	Eutherapsida
Clade:	Neotherapsida; Hopson, 1999
Subgroups
	†Anomodontia Owen, 1859; Theriodontia Owen, 1876 †Gorgonopsia; Eutheriodontia †Therocephalia; Cynodonta; ; ;

The Neotherapsida are a clade of therapsids. The clade includes anomodonts and the more derived theriodonts, which include mammals.

Distribution[edit | edit source]

Permian[edit | edit source]

In the Permian geological period, Neotherapsida lived in Germany, India, Madagascar, Niger, South Africa, Tanzania, United Kingdom, United States in Texas, and Zambia.^[3]

Severodvinian[edit | edit source]

In the Severodvinian age of the Tatarian stage of the Permian time period, Neotherapsida lived in Russia.^[3]^[4]

Triassic[edit | edit source]

In the Triassic, Neotherapsida lived in Antarctica, Argentina, Brazil, China, Germany, Lesotho, Morocco, Poland, Russia, South Africa, Tanzania, and United States in Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, North Carolina, Texas, Utah, and Wyoming.^[3]

Jurassic[edit | edit source]

In the Jurassic time period, basal Neotherapsida lived in Lesotho.^[3]

Cretaceous[edit | edit source]

In the Cretaceous period, basal Neotherapsida lived in Australia and Russia.

Classification[edit | edit source]

The Neotherapsida were named and classified as a subgroup of the clade Eutherapsida by James Allen Hopson in 1999.^[3]^[5]

Relatives[edit | edit source]

Main article: Dinocephalia

Taxonomy[edit | edit source]

Anomodontia[edit | edit source]

Otsheria, an anomodont

Anomocephalus, a primitive anomodont that retained a full set of teeth

Aulacocephalodon, a dicynodont, an herbivore with two tusks

Kannemeyeria, a dicynodont, was one of the first large herbivores of the Triassic.

SUBORDER ANOMODONTIA
- (unranked)Venyukoviamorpha
  - Family Otsheridae
  - Family Venyukoviidae
- Infraorder Dromasauria
  - Family Galeopidae
- Infraorder Dicynodontia
  - Family Endothiodontidae
  - Family Eodicynodontidae
  - Superfamily Kingorioidea
    - Family Kingoriidae
  - Diictodontia
    - Superfamily Emydopoidea
      - Family Cistecephalidae
      - Family Emydopidae
    - Superfamily Robertoidea
    - Family Diictodontidae
    - Family Robertiidae
  - Pristerodontia
    - Family Aulacocephalodontidae
    - Family Dicynodontidae
    - Family Kannemeyeriidae
    - Family Lystrosauridae
    - Family Oudenodontidae
    - Family Pristerodontidae
    - Family Shansiodontidae
    - Family Stahleckeriidae

Groups of Theriodontia[edit | edit source]

Scylacosaurus, a theriodont.

Mammalians, like humans and horses, evolved from theriodonts.

Theriodontia
- Gorgonopsia
- Therocephalia
- Cynodontia
  - Diviniidae
  - Mammalia
  - Procynosuchidae
  - Galesauridae
  - Thrinaxodontidae
  - Cynognathidae
  - gomphodonts
  - Chiniquodontidae
  - Probainognathidae
  - Tritheledontidae (Ictidosauria)

References[edit | edit source]

↑ The Paleobiology Database: Anomodontia
↑ The Paleobiology Database: Theriodontia
↑ ^{^a} ^{^b} ^{^c} ^{^d} ^{^e} The Paleobiology Database: Neotherapsida
↑ Palæos Archived 2010-01-04 at the Wayback Machine.
↑ J.A. Hopson. 1999. "Therapsids". Encyclopedia of Paleontology 2: 1256-1266

External links[edit | edit source]

Neotherapsida at Wikipedia, the free Terran encyclopedia that anyone can edit.

This Therapsid-related article is a stub. You can help by expanding it.

[PBDBA-1] The Paleobiology Database: Anomodontia

[PBDBB-2] The Paleobiology Database: Theriodontia

[PBDB-3] {^a} ^{^b} ^{^c} ^{^d} ^{^e} The Paleobiology Database: Neotherapsida

[4] Palæos Archived 2010-01-04 at the Wayback Machine.

[5] J.A. Hopson. 1999. "Therapsids". Encyclopedia of Paleontology 2: 1256-1266

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